Ramon Delaraga Bagatsing Sr. stands as an inspiring figure in Philippine history, a symbol of resilience, service, and unwavering integrity. Born on August 19, 1916, Bagatsing defied the odds, rising from humble beginnings to become a decorated military hero, an incorruptible politician, and the beloved Mayor of Manila. His life was marked by triumph over adversity, and his legacy lives on as a testament to the power of dedication and selfless public service.
Ramon Delaraga Bagatsing: Early Life and the Pursuit of Education
Ramon Delaraga Bagatsing was born to an ethnic Filipino mother and a Punjabi father who had immigrated from India. Growing up in a financially struggling household, Bagatsing experienced hardships that could have easily deterred him.
Despite his circumstances, Ramon Delaraga Bagatsing was determined to rise above poverty. As a young man, he worked multiple jobs, including as a bus conductor, security guard, and night watchman, to support his education. This determination to better himself fueled his lifelong drive to serve others and improve the lives of Manila’s most vulnerable.
Military Service and Heroism During WWII
When World War II broke out, Ramon Delaraga Bagatsing answered the call to defend his country, joining the United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE). As a soldier, he demonstrated remarkable courage and dedication.
Rising through the ranks, Ramon Delaraga Bagatsing fought in one of the darkest periods in Philippine history and became a survivor of the infamous Bataan Death March, a grueling and deadly forced march imposed by the Japanese forces. His escape from captivity is a powerful testament to his resilience, ingenuity, and unbreakable spirit.
Bagatsing’s military service earned him numerous accolades, including the American Defense Ribbon and the Philippine Liberation Medal. Yet, his heroism extended beyond his personal achievements; he became a leader and a symbol of hope for his fellow veterans, actively contributing to organizations dedicated to honoring and supporting war heroes. He served as the National Commander of the Defenders of Bataan and Corregidor, cementing his role as a protector and advocate for those who fought alongside him.
The Transition to Civilian Life and Corporate Success
After the war, Ramon Delaraga Bagatsing faced the daunting task of rebuilding his life. He returned to his studies, juggling work as a bus driver for Elizalde & Co. while pursuing a law degree. His dedication paid off when he passed the bar exams and became a lawyer, a journey that epitomized his work ethic and commitment to personal growth. Rising to the position of Public Relations and Personnel Manager at Elizalde & Co., he demonstrated leadership and people skills that would serve him well in his political career.
Entry into Politics and Fight Against Corruption
Bagatsing entered politics in 1957, encouraged by then-presidential candidate José Yulo. Running for Congress, he won his first election, representing Manila’s third district. His clean record and dedication to serving the public earned him the moniker “The Incorruptible.” As a congressman, he authored landmark legislation such as the Philippine Veterans Act, which safeguarded the rights of Filipino veterans, and other laws that strengthened national security, immigration, and the legal profession.
In 1967, he became the head of the Presidential Agency on Reforms and Government Operations (PARGO), a position that involved tackling graft and corruption. He prosecuted several high-profile cases, earning national respect for his steadfast dedication to justice and accountability. His unshakable integrity made him a trusted public figure during a time when corruption was rampant in Philippine politics.
The Plaza Miranda Bombing and a Second Chance at Life
Ramon Delaraga Bagatsing’s life took a harrowing turn on August 21, 1971, during the infamous Plaza Miranda bombing. While attending a rally to announce his candidacy for mayor, two grenades were thrown into the crowd, resulting in multiple fatalities and injuries. Bagatsing was critically injured, nearly losing his life in the blast. His wife, Juanita, was also injured. The bombing became a turning point for Bagatsing, whose miraculous survival only strengthened his resolve to serve the people of Manila.
His experience left him with physical disabilities, including the amputation of his leg. Yet, Ramon Delaraga Bagatsing emerged more determined than ever, unbowed by the traumatic ordeal. His recovery and return to public service became an inspirational story for a nation grappling with political violence. He continued his campaign and won the mayoral seat of Manila, setting a precedent as the only mayor of Filipino-Indian descent and a person with a disability to lead the city.
Mayor of Manila: The People’s Champion
Bagatsing’s tenure as the 17th Mayor of Manila from 1971 to 1986 is remembered as one of the most transformative periods in the city’s history. He prioritized programs that directly benefited the people, particularly the underprivileged. One of his landmark contributions was the creation of the Barangay Bureau, establishing the barangay as the foundational socio-political unit—a model that remains a cornerstone of local governance in the Philippines today.
A champion of the poor, Ramon Delaraga Bagatsing initiated land ownership programs, granting titles to indigent families and helping them secure stable futures. His administration also created multi-sectoral cooperatives, providing financial assistance and livelihood programs that empowered Manila’s market vendors and low-income residents.
Ramon Delaraga Bagatsing was a strong advocate for education, healthcare, and social services. His tenure saw the construction of schools, hospitals, and health centers, including the College of Medicine Building at Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila (PLM), Tondo High School, and the Ospital ng Sampaloc. He also launched environmental initiatives, planting trees along major streets and parks—a practice he personally took part in, underscoring his commitment to sustainability.
International Impact and Promoting Manila on the World Stage
Under Bagatsing’s leadership, Manila gained international attention and prestige. In 1974, the city became the first in Asia to host the Miss Universe pageant. The following year, the legendary “Thrilla in Manila” boxing match between Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier further highlighted Manila on the global stage. Through these events, Bagatsing showcased Manila’s vibrant culture, attracting tourists and fostering a sense of pride among Manileños.
Ramon Delaraga Bagatsing also forged international partnerships, fostering close relations with cities such as Jersey City in the United States and San Francisco, California. These connections promoted cultural and economic exchanges, making Manila a key player in the realm of international diplomacy.
Legacy of Compassion, Integrity, and Service
Bagatsing’s legacy goes beyond his accomplishments as a politician. He was deeply committed to philanthropy and charity, serving as an International Director of Lions Clubs International and Chairman of the Philippine Red Cross Manila. His founding of the Ramon D. Bagatsing Scholarship Foundation in 1958 enabled thousands of underprivileged students to access quality education, embodying his belief that education could uplift individuals and transform communities.
His commitment to honesty and integrity has made his name synonymous with incorruptibility. Even during martial law, a period of intense political scrutiny, Bagatsing remained untainted by scandal. He voluntarily stepped down after the People Power Revolution in 1986, demonstrating his respect for democracy and the people’s voice.
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